The foregoing are the main points of this celebrated treaty, which was signed by William Henry Harrison, commissioner on the part of the United States, and by five chiefs of the united Sac and Fox tribes, one of the Indian representatives being Pashepaho, at that time head chief of the Sacs. On the 31st of December following, it was submitted to the Senate of the United States and duly ratified.
The validity of this treaty was subsequently denied by a portion of the Sacs and Foxes who united under the leadership of Black Hawk, and claimed that the chiefs who executed it were not authorized by their tribes to do so. It was, however, confirmed and recogonized by several subsequent treaties. One of them was the treaty made at Portage des Sioux, September 14, 1815, by William Clark, Ninian Edwards and Auguste Choteau, commissioners on behalf of the United States, and the chiefs and warriors of the Fox tribe. In the fourth article of this treaty are these words: "The said Fox tribe or nation do hereby assent to, recognize, re-establish and confirm the treaty of St. Louis, which was concluded on the 3d of November, 1804, to the full extent of their interest in the same, as well as all other contracts and agreements between the parties." At the
same time and place the same commissioners concluded a treaty of peace and friendship with the chiefs and warriors of that part of the Sac nation residing on the Mississippi river, the first article of which contains these words: "The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and that portion of the Sacs which they represent, do hereby assent to the treaty between the United States of America and the united tribes of Sacs and Foxes, which was concluded at St. Louis, on the third of November, 1804; and they moreover promise to do all in their power to re-establish and enforce the same." On the 13th of May, 1816, the same commissioners made a treaty with the chiefs and warriors of the Sacs of Rock River and the adjacent country. In the first article of this treaty is the following clause: "The Sacs of Rock River and the adjacent country, do hereby unconditionally assent to, recognize, re-establish and confirm the treaty between the United States of America and the united tribes of Sacs and Foxes, which was concluded at St. Louis, on the 3d of November, 1804, as well as all other contracts and agreements, heretofore made between the Sac tribe and the United States."
As stated, one object of the expedition of Lieutenant Pike was to select and report upon suitable locations for military posts on the upper Mississippi. In accordance with this plan, Fort Madison was erected at the head of the Des Moines Rapids, in 1808. This was considered by many of the Sacs and Foxes as a violation of the terms of the treaty of 1804, and soon after its erection the discontented Black Hawk, with a party of his warriors, made an attack upon it, but failed in their purpose. What they failed to accomplish by force they then attempted to achieve
Previous Pages:
Introductory Page| Portrait of MA-KA-TAI-ME-SHE-KIA-KIAH (Black Hawk)| Title Page| Page 2|
Preface (pages 3 - 6)| Illustrations (page 7)| Contents (pages 8 - 17)
Chapter One| Chapter Two| Chapter Three
This is a genuine MOM (Mother of Michael) site
estone@yawp.com
Michael A.
Stone,
Owner, janitor, and chief data rancher for
YAWP (Yet Another
Webservice Provider...)
revised 12 August 1999
